Exploring trends, policies, and opportunities in India's solar energy landscape.
India's Solar Revolution: Where We Stand Today
India has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing solar markets. From just 2.6 GW of installed solar capacity in 2014, the country crossed 90 GW in 2024 — a 35x increase in a decade. The government's target of 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 places solar at the centre of India's energy transition, with solar expected to contribute 300 GW of that target.
This growth is driven by a convergence of factors: falling panel prices (down 80% since 2010), government policy support, rising electricity tariffs, and growing environmental awareness among households and businesses alike.
Key Policy Drivers
PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana
Launched in February 2024, this flagship scheme targets 1 crore rooftop solar installations across Indian households with a budget of Rs. 75,021 crores. The scheme provides subsidies of up to Rs. 78,000 for residential rooftop systems and has already catalysed a massive surge in rooftop solar adoption. It represents the single largest government push for distributed solar in Indian history.
Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPOs)
State regulators mandate that electricity distribution companies and large consumers (Open Access users) source a growing percentage of their power from renewables. Solar RPO targets have been progressively raised, creating sustained demand for solar power across industrial and commercial segments.
Production Linked Incentive (PLI) for Solar Manufacturing
The PLI scheme incentivises domestic manufacturing of solar panels and cells, reducing India's dependence on imported modules (primarily from China). This is building a robust domestic solar supply chain that will further reduce system costs and improve installation quality.
Technology Trends Shaping the Future
Bifacial Solar Panels
Bifacial panels capture sunlight from both sides, increasing energy generation by 10–20% compared to traditional monofacial panels. They are becoming the standard for ground-mounted and elevated rooftop installations and are increasingly cost-competitive for residential use.
Solar + Storage
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are rapidly becoming cost-effective in India. The combination of rooftop solar with lithium-ion storage provides energy independence — eliminating grid dependency even during power cuts — and is expected to see explosive growth as battery prices continue to fall toward Rs. 15,000 per kWh.
Green Hydrogen
India's National Green Hydrogen Mission positions solar-powered electrolysers as the foundation of a green hydrogen economy. This creates enormous long-term demand for large-scale solar installations, particularly in states like Rajasthan and Gujarat that have abundant land and irradiance.
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Rooftop Solar: The Democratisation of Energy
The most significant trend for ordinary consumers is the democratisation of energy production. Rooftop solar enables every building owner — from a Jaipur homeowner to a Mumbai factory — to become an energy producer, not just a consumer. With costs falling, subsidies available, and payback periods below 5 years in most scenarios, the question is no longer "should I go solar?" but "why haven't I gone solar yet?"
What This Means for Solar Adopters Today
Installing solar today means locking in a hedge against electricity price increases for 25 years. Electricity tariffs in India have risen at approximately 5–8% per year historically. A business that installs solar in 2024 at Rs. 9/unit avoided cost will see that same system delivering avoided cost of Rs. 22–30/unit by 2044 — making the financial case for solar adoption stronger the earlier you act.
Enersol helps residential, commercial, and industrial clients navigate this landscape — from subsidy applications and net metering to full EPC delivery and long-term O&M — with the experience of 500+ projects and 150 MW+ installed across India.
